RESUMO
Abstract There is an increasing demand for orthodontic treatment by adult patients in dental offices. Orthodontic treatment in adults has particular characteristics, because, in addition to not showing active growth, there are situations that demand interrelation with other areas of dentistry, such as, Periodontics, Dental Prosthesis, Restorative Dentistry and Implantology. The objective of this work was to describe a clinical case of an adult patient with periodontal involvement, establishing the main considerations to be taken in the orthodontic treatment of adult patients with periodontal involvement. The results obtained in the clinical case showed that it is possible to treat patients with periodontal involvement as long as some precautions are taken, such as strict hygiene control, in association with the specialty of periodontics, a reduced sequence of wires, in order to shorten treatment time, using low intensity forces, to minimize damage to periodontal tissues. The orthodontic treatment performed, gave the patient the desired smile functionality and aesthetics, prioritizing a strict hygiene control, the use of light forces, simplification in orthodontic movement, as well as the use of fixed and permanent restraints in areas of reduced periodontium. (AU)
Resumo É crescente a procura de tratamento ortodôntico por pacientes adultos nos consultórios odontológicos. O tratamento ortodôntico em adultos, apresenta características particulares, pois, além de não apresentar crescimento ativo, ocorrem situações que demandam a inter-relação com outras áreas da odontologia como a, Periodontia, Prótese dentária, Dentística Restauradora e Implantodontia. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever um caso clínico de paciente adulta comprometida periodontalmente, estabelecendo as principais considerações a serem tomadas no tratamento ortodôntico de pacientes adultos com comprometimento periodontal. Os resultados obtidos no caso clínico, demonstraram, que é possível tratar os pacientes com comprometimento periodontal desde que sejam tomados alguns cuidados, como controle restrito de higienização, em associação com a especialidade da periodontia, uma sequência reduzida de fios, com o intuito de abreviar o tempo de tratamento, utilizando forças de baixa intensidade, para minimizar danos aos tecidos periodontais. O tratamento ortodôntico realizado, devolveu a paciente a funcionalidade e a estética do sorriso almejada, priorizando um controle rígido de higienização, o uso de forças leves, a simplificação na movimentação ortodôntica, bem como o uso de contenções fixas e permanentes em áreas de periodonto reduzido. (AU)
RESUMO
This cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the cephalometric characteristics in the elderly, taking into account differences between genders, age ranges, ethnic groups and dental aspects. The sample consisted of 250 elderly subjects of both genders (163 female, mean age: 68 yr.; 87 male: 70.4 yr.). Conventional lateral cephalograms for cephalometric analysis were scanned and analyzed by Dolphin Imaging software 11.5. The statistical treatment of the data evaluated the influence of gender and age range variables (independent ttest), as well as ethnic group, facial profile, and dental characteristics (one-way ANOVA), on cephalometric measurements. A confidence interval of 95% and level of significance of 5% were considered for all the tests performed. The results revealed: 1) The cephalometric measurements evaluated showed significantly lower values for the female gender; 2) a significant decrease in the cephalometric values was observed in relation to the growth pattern, with the advancement of age; 3) significant cephalometric differences were observed between the ethnic groups and the facial profiles; 3) dentulous patients had greater absolute values for all the components evaluated, followed by the individuals with partial dental losses and by those who were edentulous. It may be concluded that the cephalometric alterations observed in this study are inherent to facial maturity, and that they represent specific characteristics regarding each of the variables evaluated. These modifications must be taken into account when planning the treatment for younger patients, to minimize the modifications arising from the natural aging process.